Glutathione
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Glutathione by BeaCapra — premium research-grade compound verified to ≥99.0% purity via independent HPLC and LC-MS analysis.
Supplied as lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder in vacuum-sealed glass vials. Each batch undergoes rigorous third-party testing to ensure pharmaceutical-grade consistency and stability.
Specifications
- Purity: ≥99.0% (HPLC verified)
- Form: Lyophilized Powder
- Category: Recovery Research
- Storage: -20°C recommended, protect from light
Quality Assurance
Every BeaCapra product ships with a Certificate of Analysis (COA) documenting purity verification via HPLC and mass spectrometry. Our compounds are synthesized under strict GMP-adjacent protocols and undergo batch-level quality control.
For Research Use Only (RUO). Not intended for human consumption, therapeutic, or diagnostic use.
Research Benefits
- Master Antioxidant — Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant intracellular antioxidant, essential for maintaining redox homeostasis across virtually all cell types.
- Detoxification Research — GSH is a cofactor for glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in phase II xenobiotic conjugation, central to toxicology and pharmacology research.
- Immune Function — GSH levels modulate T-cell proliferation, NK cell activity, and macrophage function, linking redox status to immunocompetence.
- Mitochondrial Protection — Mitochondrial GSH pools protect against oxidative damage to electron transport chain components and mitochondrial DNA.
Mechanism of Action
Glutathione (γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is a tripeptide synthesized intracellularly by glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL, rate-limiting) and glutathione synthetase (GS).
Redox Cycling: GSH donates electrons to reactive oxygen species via glutathione peroxidase (GPx), becoming oxidized glutathione (GSSG). GSSG is recycled back to GSH by glutathione reductase using NADPH, maintaining a GSH/GSSG ratio of 100:1-500:1 in healthy cells.
Phase II Conjugation: Glutathione S-transferases catalyze the conjugation of GSH to electrophilic xenobiotics and endogenous toxins, creating water-soluble mercapturic acid pathway products for excretion.
Protein Regulation: GSH participates in S-glutathionylation of protein cysteine residues, a reversible post-translational modification that regulates enzyme activity, ion channels, and transcription factors under oxidative stress.
Research Protocol
For research use only.
Preparation
Dissolve reduced glutathione (GSH) in PBS or water. Prepare fresh; GSH auto-oxidizes in solution. pH-adjust to 6.5-7.0 if needed (GSH is acidic).
Research Applications
- In vitro: 1-10 mM for oxidative stress protection assays. 0.1-1 mM for GST substrate studies.
- In vivo: 50-500 mg/kg IP for oxidative stress models.
- Redox measurement: GSH/GSSG ratio by enzymatic recycling assay (Tietze method) or HPLC.
Storage
Powder at -20°C, desiccated, under nitrogen. Solutions: prepare fresh daily.
Safety & Handling
Research Use Only.
Known Considerations
- Reduced GSH auto-oxidizes rapidly in solution; prepare fresh and use immediately or supplement with metal chelators (DTPA).
- High-dose parenteral GSH may cause zinc depletion through chelation.
- Oral GSH has limited bioavailability due to GI peptidase degradation; N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is often used as an alternative GSH precursor.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is Glutathione?
- Glutathione is a tripeptide (Glu-Cys-Gly) that serves as the primary intracellular antioxidant. It protects cells from oxidative damage, participates in detoxification, and regulates immune function.
- What is the GSH/GSSG ratio?
- The ratio of reduced (GSH) to oxidized (GSSG) glutathione reflects cellular redox status. Healthy cells maintain ratios of 100:1 to 500:1. A declining ratio indicates oxidative stress.
- Why prepare GSH solutions fresh?
- Reduced glutathione auto-oxidizes to GSSG in aqueous solution, especially at neutral pH and in the presence of trace metals. Fresh preparation ensures the active, reduced form is used.
- What purity is this product?
- BeaCapra Glutathione is ≥99% pure by HPLC with COA documentation.
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Customer Reviews
Exceptional purity and fast shipping
Third-party COA verified at 99.1% purity. Arrived in 2 days with proper cold packaging. The documentation included was thorough and professional. Will be ordering again for our lab.
Best supplier I've found
After trying several suppliers, BeaCapra consistently delivers the highest quality compounds. The subscribe & save option is a great value, and their customer support team answered all my questions promptly.
Great product, COA checks out
Ran our own HPLC analysis and confirmed the purity claims. Packaging was secure and discreet. Only minor note — would love to see more size options for some of the newer compounds. Otherwise excellent.
Subscribe & save is the way to go
The 15% discount on subscription makes this the most competitive pricing I've found for research-grade compounds at this purity level. Auto-delivery every 30 days has been seamless. Highly recommend.
Exactly what our research team needed
We've been sourcing from BeaCapra for our university lab and the consistency batch-to-batch is impressive. Every order comes with a COA and the compounds are properly lyophilized. Professional operation all around.
Questions About Glutathione
General Questions
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